Grammar of scales (keys), and intervals
Scales
Perfect intervals
Thirds
Steps
Role of the tritone
Circle of 5ths
Melodic uses of all of the above
Concepts of phrases, melodic shapes and articulations

Grammar of chords
Major, minor triads
Relations between triads and keys
Tonicization
Chord spacing and positions
Concept of prolongation
Concepts of consonance, dissonance
Concepts of non-harmonic tones
Melodic variation techniques

Chord progressions, chord logic, and sequences, melodic construction
Blues progression
Sequences
Modal mixtures
Scale mixtures
Key change and modulation
Fancy chords with more than 3 notes
Song construction